Recently, Anhui Hefei University of Technology has successfully developed a rapid label-free method for screening nucleic acid aptamers in vitro. The nucleic acid aptamers screened by this method exhibit high affinity and specificity for metal ions and provide excellent performance. The metal ion affinity substance enables rapid real-time detection of heavy metals exceeding the standard. The achievement paper was recently published in the American Chemical Society·Nano, one of the top academic journals in the field of international nanomaterials.
The traditional method for detecting metal ions requires large-scale instruments such as mass spectrometry, which is costly, time-consuming and labor-intensive. How to get rid of the dependence on large instruments and achieve rapid real-time detection of metal ions, the key is to find "affinity substances" that can specifically identify and bind specific metal ions.
Since metal ions do not cause an immune reaction in a living body, a "standard" affinity substance capable of specifically binding a metal ion, a monoclonal antibody, is very difficult to produce, and a conventional screening method such as an exponentially enriched ligand system evolution technique is used. There is still a need to chemically label or modify the target, a requirement that is very difficult for metal ions and small molecule targets, and that it is susceptible to changing its structure and properties.
Dr. Yan from the School of Biological and Medical Engineering of Hefei University of Technology has successfully developed an innovative method for the efficient screening of nucleic acid aptamers using metal ions as specific targets by using emulsion polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence-excited cell screening. This screening method does not require any labeling or modification of the target, and the screening period is short, which is very suitable for screening nucleic acid aptamers for metal ions and small molecule targets. Through this method, the aptamer suitable for divalent mercury ions was obtained by 3-5 rounds of screening, and the binding strength was 30 times higher than that of the conventional nucleic acid aptamer, and the first time was obtained for bivalent. A nucleic acid aptamer of copper ions.
"This screening method can be applied to all metal ions and small molecule targets and will provide a very efficient platform for the screening of nucleic acid aptamers for other ions and small molecule targets." The lack of high-performance affinity materials in the sensor field can be applied not only to metal pollution control, but also to broad application prospects in biotechnology and healthcare.
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