Foaming agent is a type of auxiliaries that are incorporated into the polymer system and release gas at the appropriate time to form micropores in the polymer material. According to the mechanism of gas formation, it is divided into physical foaming agent and chemical foaming agent.
Physical foaming agents There are many types of physical foaming agents. Traditionally, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have been mainly used. Because of the destruction of the atmospheric ozone layer, domestic and foreign companies have been seeking and developing ideal alternative products for more than a decade and have basically formed three. Solutions. At present, HCFC-141b and HCFC-22 are mainly used as transition products in the production of PU flexible foam, but more desirable alternatives are HFC-245fa and HFC-365mfc. HFC-245fa is a good foaming agent for refrigerators and HFC-365mfc is used for building insulation materials. Western developed countries and regions have begun to restrict the use of HCFC-141b and HCFC-22, such as the European Union, the United States, Japan will be banned since 2004, so foreign companies have developed and scale production of HFC-245fa and HFC-365mfc. In October 2003, Japan's Central Glass Corporation's chemical subsidiary built an HFC-245fa plant with an annual output of 5,000 tons. At the end of 2002, Solvay built an HFC-365mfc plant with an annual output of 15,000 tons in France. In addition, foreign countries are still developing some specific alternative compounds such as hydrofluoro ethers, which are still in the research and development stage. For PU rigid foams, studies have shown that cyclopentane is widely used at home and abroad because of its superior physical properties, short demolding time, excellent insulation performance, and zero ozone depletion (ODP). The PE/PS foam industry uses nitrogen, carbon dioxide and butane to replace the original CFCS.
The research on substitution of CFCs in China is progressing rapidly. Currently, HCFC-141b and HCFC-22 are produced in large quantities, and HFC-134a and HFC-152a, the hydrogenated fluorocarbon alkane blowing agents, have been developed with reference to foreign development experience, and the performance of HFC-245fa and HFC is high. -365mfc is also conducting research and development work. The "Cyclopentane Product Development" project undertaken by Sinopec Beijing Chemical Industry Research Institute has passed the appraisal. Domestic Jilin Longshan Chemical Plant, Beijing Dongfang Chemical Plant, and Nanjing Hongbaoli Co., Ltd. have successfully built cyclopentane production facilities. Many well-known domestic refrigerator manufacturers cooperate to provide cyclopentane-type combined polyethers for use as foaming materials.
At present, China's foam plastics industry still uses ozone-depleting CFCs in large quantities. Only the polyurethane foam industry consumed 19,162 tons of CFC-11 in 1999. Faced with such a severe situation, a great deal of cooperation has taken place at home and abroad. By the end of 2000, China's polyurethane The industry received a total of 62 million U.S. dollars in grants from the Multilateral Fund for the elimination of CFC-11. In 2003, the China Plastics Processing Industry Association organized the “China CFC-11 Overall Phase-out Plan†and won US$53.846 million in grants. At present, by the year 2010, 10,651 tons of CFC-11 consumed by 1,000 polyurethane foam product manufacturing enterprises that have not been funded in China will be gradually transformed. The surplus funds will be used to support the development of alternative technologies, raw materials, and equipment to achieve in 2010. The goal of banning the use of CFCs products years ago. However, the promotion and application of some new environmentally friendly foaming agents in China is still insufficient. Take cyclopentane as an example. At present, the domestic annual production capacity exceeds 10,000 tons. The potential market demand is large, but no real consumption has yet been formed. Therefore, in the future, China will Efforts have been made to speed up the promotion and application of alternative environmental-friendly foaming agents such as cyclopentane under the support of various parties, and to increase the research and promotion of many technologies such as the production technology, equipment and formulation of substitute products on the quality of foam plastics.
Chemical foaming agents are used as chemical foaming agents in many types of substances, such as N-nitrosene compounds, azo compounds, hydrazide compounds, etc., the main foaming agent varieties are azodicarbonamide (ADC), foaming agent DPT, OBSH, etc., in which ADC accounts for 90% of the consumption of chemical foaming agents in foreign countries, accounting for more than 95% in China. The following will mainly introduce the application of ADC foaming agent and modification technology. (To be continued)
Physical foaming agents There are many types of physical foaming agents. Traditionally, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have been mainly used. Because of the destruction of the atmospheric ozone layer, domestic and foreign companies have been seeking and developing ideal alternative products for more than a decade and have basically formed three. Solutions. At present, HCFC-141b and HCFC-22 are mainly used as transition products in the production of PU flexible foam, but more desirable alternatives are HFC-245fa and HFC-365mfc. HFC-245fa is a good foaming agent for refrigerators and HFC-365mfc is used for building insulation materials. Western developed countries and regions have begun to restrict the use of HCFC-141b and HCFC-22, such as the European Union, the United States, Japan will be banned since 2004, so foreign companies have developed and scale production of HFC-245fa and HFC-365mfc. In October 2003, Japan's Central Glass Corporation's chemical subsidiary built an HFC-245fa plant with an annual output of 5,000 tons. At the end of 2002, Solvay built an HFC-365mfc plant with an annual output of 15,000 tons in France. In addition, foreign countries are still developing some specific alternative compounds such as hydrofluoro ethers, which are still in the research and development stage. For PU rigid foams, studies have shown that cyclopentane is widely used at home and abroad because of its superior physical properties, short demolding time, excellent insulation performance, and zero ozone depletion (ODP). The PE/PS foam industry uses nitrogen, carbon dioxide and butane to replace the original CFCS.
The research on substitution of CFCs in China is progressing rapidly. Currently, HCFC-141b and HCFC-22 are produced in large quantities, and HFC-134a and HFC-152a, the hydrogenated fluorocarbon alkane blowing agents, have been developed with reference to foreign development experience, and the performance of HFC-245fa and HFC is high. -365mfc is also conducting research and development work. The "Cyclopentane Product Development" project undertaken by Sinopec Beijing Chemical Industry Research Institute has passed the appraisal. Domestic Jilin Longshan Chemical Plant, Beijing Dongfang Chemical Plant, and Nanjing Hongbaoli Co., Ltd. have successfully built cyclopentane production facilities. Many well-known domestic refrigerator manufacturers cooperate to provide cyclopentane-type combined polyethers for use as foaming materials.
At present, China's foam plastics industry still uses ozone-depleting CFCs in large quantities. Only the polyurethane foam industry consumed 19,162 tons of CFC-11 in 1999. Faced with such a severe situation, a great deal of cooperation has taken place at home and abroad. By the end of 2000, China's polyurethane The industry received a total of 62 million U.S. dollars in grants from the Multilateral Fund for the elimination of CFC-11. In 2003, the China Plastics Processing Industry Association organized the “China CFC-11 Overall Phase-out Plan†and won US$53.846 million in grants. At present, by the year 2010, 10,651 tons of CFC-11 consumed by 1,000 polyurethane foam product manufacturing enterprises that have not been funded in China will be gradually transformed. The surplus funds will be used to support the development of alternative technologies, raw materials, and equipment to achieve in 2010. The goal of banning the use of CFCs products years ago. However, the promotion and application of some new environmentally friendly foaming agents in China is still insufficient. Take cyclopentane as an example. At present, the domestic annual production capacity exceeds 10,000 tons. The potential market demand is large, but no real consumption has yet been formed. Therefore, in the future, China will Efforts have been made to speed up the promotion and application of alternative environmental-friendly foaming agents such as cyclopentane under the support of various parties, and to increase the research and promotion of many technologies such as the production technology, equipment and formulation of substitute products on the quality of foam plastics.
Chemical foaming agents are used as chemical foaming agents in many types of substances, such as N-nitrosene compounds, azo compounds, hydrazide compounds, etc., the main foaming agent varieties are azodicarbonamide (ADC), foaming agent DPT, OBSH, etc., in which ADC accounts for 90% of the consumption of chemical foaming agents in foreign countries, accounting for more than 95% in China. The following will mainly introduce the application of ADC foaming agent and modification technology. (To be continued)
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