The earliest research and development of electronic tags in the United States soon entered the practical stage. Japan, which tracks the trends of the United States, has taken the lead in conducting research and development of electronic tags in Asia. In order to popularize electronic tags, the standardization agencies and relevant government agencies of China, Japan, and South Korea agreed to use the electronic tags established by Japan as the standard for electronic tags that are common to the three countries.
The electronic tag is the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) often mentioned in recent years. Because electronic tags can be widely used in commodity circulation, logistics management and many fields closely related to ordinary people, the use of the popular "electronic tag" is helpful for its promotion and application. An electronic tag refers to an ultra-small micro-sized tag composed of an IC chip and a wireless communication antenna, the size of which is a sesame grain, and it has a micro antenna that transmits information. The data stored in the chip can be read by the reader in the form of radio waves without fusion, and the processor of the reader can interpret and manage the information. According to the current standard, the electronic tag is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which is the wireless version of the bar code currently used. It automatically recognizes target objects and obtains relevant data through radio frequency signals. It has waterproof, antimagnetic, high temperature resistance, long service life, long reading distance, data on the label can be encrypted, larger data storage capacity, and storage information Changes and other advantages. The application of electronic tags will bring revolutionary changes to retail, logistics and other industries. If the electronic label technology can be closely connected with the electronic supply chain, it is likely to replace the barcode scanning technology within a few years.
For such an important electronic label, the Japanese newspaper said, "The three countries of China, Japan and South Korea are going to cooperate to establish the corresponding standardization organizations in their respective countries and jointly develop the necessary technology for popularizing electronic labels. In view of the widespread application of electronic labels in the future First of all, we must standardize the standards of electronic tags in Asia. Through the competition between Asian electronic tag standards and European and American electronic tag standards, China, Japan, and South Korea will increase their say in the global unified electronic tag standard. " As Japan leads the Asian countries in the development of electronic label standards, Japan will dominate the Asian electronic label standards.
In order to promote and apply electronic tags, Japan has established an "identification center that can be applied anytime, anywhere". Participating in this identification center are Japanese electronics manufacturers, information companies and printing companies, etc., a total of 352. The identification center is actually the standardization organization for electronic tags in Japan. In China, the organization has signed a technical cooperation agreement with the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to jointly conduct research on electronic tags. The formal agreement will be signed in late April. More than 60 South Korean manufacturers such as Samsung Research Institute and SK Telecom, which carry out research and development of electronic tags in South Korea, established the Korea Radio Frequency Identification Technology Association in February 2004. According to Japanese newspapers, the association agreed to cooperate with Japan's "identification center that can be applied anytime, anywhere" for electronic label standards. The newspaper also said that it is expected that in 2004, Singapore will also join the standardization of electronic tags in China, Japan and South Korea, and agreed to use Japanese standards as the common standard for electronic tags. Singapore will also set up corresponding institutions. Manufacturers from various countries participating in these four national electronic label standardization organizations will begin to develop electronic label reading equipment and system application software using electronic labels in accordance with this standard.
In the standardization of electronic tags, the United States has established the "EPC (Electronic Product Code) Universal Association" in the world. Participants included more than 100 U.S. and European circulation companies such as the world ’s largest retailer Wal-Mart Interlocking Group, British Tesco, etc., and information technology companies and universities such as IBM, Microsoft, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology ’s Automatic Identification System Center conducted technical research stand by. According to the deployment of the "EPC (Electronic Product Code) Global Association", the large European retailer Germany METRO will begin to sell electronic products in the company's stores from November 2004 with electronic tags. In the United States, Wal-Mart Stores (Inc.), the world's largest retailer, and the Department of Defense announced the full introduction of electronic tags from January 2005. In addition to METRO in Europe, Tesco, a large British retailer, has also conducted empirical experiments for the formal introduction of 2006 since December 2003. From 2004 to 2006, Europe and the United States will begin to introduce a large number of electronic tags with large retailers as the center. Japan also conducted small-scale electronic label application trials in 2003 and 2004. Manufacturers such as Hitachi, Fujitsu, and Japan Toppan Printing have begun to produce and sell electronic tags.
It must be noted that there are many differences between the wireless frequency bands, the number of information bits and the application fields of the electronic label standards of Japan, Europe and America. The frequency bands adopted by electronic tags in Japan are 2.45GHz and 13.56MHz. European and American EPC standards use UHF frequency bands, such as 902MHz-928MHz. The number of information bits of electronic tags in Japan is 128 bits, and the number of bits in the EPC standard is 96 bits. Japanese electronic label standards can be used for inventory management, information sending and receiving, and tracking management of products and parts. The EPC standard focuses on logistics management, inventory management, etc. It is worth mentioning that the border guard system of the US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) will introduce electronic tags using the EPC standard to manage individual vehicles and personnel for entry and exit.
Electronic tags are attached to goods and other items. It needs to read information wirelessly through special equipment. Electronic tags can be widely used in various fields such as commodity circulation, management of finished products and parts in manufacturing, tracking of goods and personnel, and so on. Driven by large global retail companies, it is foreseeable that electronic labels will soon replace the currently used product barcodes. Relevant experts pointed out that not only the electronic tag itself, but also the electronic tag reading equipment and related application software will form a rapidly developing large market. It is precisely because of the high technical content in the design, production and application of tiny electronic tags and the extremely broad market prospects, developed countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan are optimistic about this new thing. They will start with intellectual property rights such as technical standards and dominate this market. Leaders of relevant departments in our country, information technology companies, business and manufacturing management cadres, and the general public should learn more about the knowledge and relevant background of electronic tags, and lay a solid foundation for correct decision-making and application.
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