1. It is very important to use scientific methods to evaluate the laser particle size analyzer. International standard ISO13320-1 (Part 1: General Rules) is the scientific reference for instrument evaluation.
Second, the most widely used parameters when evaluating the laser particle size analysis system
Repeatability
Accuracy
Resolution & Sensitivity
〈1〉 Influencing factors in two aspects of reproducibility:
Ø The reproducibility of the instrument itself-the variability of the same sample analysis on the same instrument
Ø Reproducibility between instruments-the variability of the same sample analyzed on different instruments
<2> What kind of reproducibility is satisfactory? ISO 13320-1 released the following values ​​as evaluation of reproducibility satisfaction:
Ø For samples with mean size greater than 10µm.
Median Size (x50) should have a coefficient of variation of less than 3%. This can also be applied to any selected central value in the distribution. Values ​​on both sides of the distribution, such as x10 and x90, the coefficient of variation should not exceed 5%.
Ø For samples with mean size less than 10µm.
For samples smaller than 10 µm, the above values ​​should be doubled.
〈3〉 Key factors affecting reproducibility:
Ø Highly stable light source that will not drift
Ø Light source straightening
Ø Sample processing system
Ø Highly accurate optical system
Ø Highly accurate detector arrangement
For any optical system requirements, there will be specific requirements for its straightening. Therefore, it is very important to have simple and repeatable methods to ensure alignment.
On the Beckman Coulter LSÔ series instrument, a crosshair method is used for straightening. The reticle is a piece of metal with holes, but it acts as an "ideal particle". The scattering formed by "ideal particles" is used to calibrate the laser light onto the detector array. The entire process is completely automatic and requires no operator adjustment, which is a critical method of straightening to ensure reproducibility.
This straightening procedure is very important for large particles, because the scattering of large particles with characteristics, discrete and well judged at low angles is related to the optical path (for details, please refer to: Resolution Degrees and sensitivity). Without the "angle straightening" process, it is impossible to accurately reproduce the particle size distribution.
<4> The ISO standard, section 6.7 on page 14, gives the following definitions and lists the important factors that affect resolution and sensitivity in laser diffraction analysis.
Section 6.7: Resolution, sensitivity
The resolution of the particle size distribution, for example: the resolution of different particle sizes, the sensitivity of a small number of particles of a certain size is limited by the following factors:
* The number, position and shape of the detector;
* Its signal-to-noise ratio;
* Details of the measured scattering pattern;
* The similarities and differences of different particle sizes in the scatter diagram;
* The actual particle size range of the particles;
* Enough optical mode;
* Smoothing in the overlap method.
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