Some practical printing knowledge

The printing process refers to the pre-printing work before printing, generally refers to photography, design, production, typesetting, and filming;
The middle finger of printing refers to the middle of the printing process, and the process of printing the finished product through the printing press;
After printing refers to the printing of the latter part of the work, generally refers to the post-processing of printed materials, including cutting, laminating, die-cutting, paste bags, equipment, etc., used for promotional and packaging printing.
Printing Element Paper: There are many types of paper, generally divided into coated paper and non-coated paper. Coated paper generally refers to coated paper (light copper) and matt powder (unluster copper), and is mostly used for color printing; non-coated paper generally refers to offset paper and newsprint, and is generally used for printing stationery, envelopes, and newspapers.
Color: Normal prints are embossed by yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, as well as printed spot colors.
Post-processing: Post-processing includes many processes, such as bronzing, bumping, etc., which can help improve the quality of printed materials.

Classification of printed materials is classified into the ultimate product category: office materials related to the office such as letter paper, envelopes, and office forms.
Publicity: Refers to posters, leaflets, product brochures, and other printed materials related to corporate publicity or product promotion.
Production category: refers to large quantities of printed matter directly related to the production of products, such as packaging boxes and adhesive labels.
Offset printing with presses: refers to lithographic printing, used for printing on four-color paper.
Gravure printing: refers to gravure (usually refers to the steel version) printing, used for plastic printing.
Flexographic printing: refers to the use of flexible materials (usually refers to the resin plate, etc.), used for stickers printing.
Screen printing: It can be printed on various materials and used for gift printing.
Paper sorting by material: The most commonly used printing.
Plastic printing: Mostly used for printing bags.
Special materials: Printing refers to the printing of glass, metal, wood, etc.

Industry terminology:
P number: refers to 16 open paper sides.
Film: Films that are used to transfer printed electronic documents through the imagesetter. They are used for printing plates.
Grams: an important measure of paper thickness.
Proofing: The process of making a print proof.
Filming: The process of outputting a film from an electronic file.
Offset: Offset printing, the printing plate used is smooth.
Offset paper: A kind of printing paper, there is no coating layer on the surface of paper, used for letter paper, envelopes and so on.
Art paper: A type of printed paper with a coating layer on the surface and a glossy finish. It is mostly used for printing of color promotional materials.
Matte copper: a type of printed paper, also known as matte powder, surface coating layer after matt processing, and more for color promotional materials printing.
Ream: The unit for measuring the number of sheets (1 order equals 500 sheets).
Off: Refers to cutting the full open paper from one point to another.
MO : Large-capacity rewritable media used to store electronic documents in the pre-printing period.
Color Swatch: The standard of the color to be printed.
Hit the net: also known as the moire, refers to four-color screen printing overlay when there are two or more colors overlap.
Gripper: Placement on the printing press.
Bleed : The place reserved for the cutting of prints.
Solid plate: refers to full-plate printing.
Curpping: refers to the trimming of printed products on the coating layer.
Spot color: A special color other than the four colors (yellow, magenta, cyan, and black).

Screen printing - the basic principle of printing Screen printing plate part of the hole through the ink, missing printed on the substrate; the rest of the plate on the mesh blocked, can not penetrate the ink, forming blanks on the substrate , In order to support the screen, the screen is stretched tightly on the frame, and then the sensitized film is coated on the screen to form a photographic plate. The positive plate is then sealed on the plate and exposed. Developing, the part of the plate that does not need to pass the ink receives light to form a cured film, the mesh is sealed, the ink is impermeable to the printing, the mesh of the part that needs to pass the ink on the printing plate is not closed, and the ink is penetrated during printing. Black marks formed on the substrate.
Screen printing features:
1. Not subject to the size and shape of the substrate. In general, printing can only be carried out on a flat surface. Silk screen printing can not only be printed on a flat surface, but can also be printed on shapes and concave and convex surfaces of special shapes. It can also print a variety of large-scale advertisement paintings, curtains, and curtains.
2. The layout is soft and small. Screen printing plate is soft and flexible, and the printing pressure is small, so not only can it be printed on soft substrates such as paper and textiles, but also can be easily damaged by pressing glass. Printing on ceramicware.
3. Thick ink layer coverage. Screen printing ink thickness up to 30 ~ 100μm, therefore, the hiding power of ink is particularly strong, can be pure white printing on black paper.
The thickness of the screen printing ink is strong, and the three-dimensional printing image is strong, which is unmatched by other printing methods.
4. Suitable for all types of inks. The wide range of inks used in screen printing has exceeded the scope of the usual ink definition. Actually there are pastes, plastics, paints, adhesives, or solid powders. Therefore, screen printing inks are sometimes referred to as "printing materials."
5. Strong light resistance. The problem of ink classification in a broad sense should be classified according to the type of printing, namely, letterpress ink, lithographic ink, gravure ink, and filtered ink. However, such classification is too principled to express all realities. In recent years, due to the ever-increasing variety of inks, new designs have appeared continuously. There are limitations only because of the type.
In addition to classification by type, there are generally classified by dry type. Examples include oxidatively drying inks, osmotic drying inks, volatile drying inks, and freeze drying inks.
There are also classified by product use. Such as book inks, printing inks, glass inks, plastic inks and so on.

Also classified by product characteristics. Such as security ink, bright ink, photosensitive ink, transparent ink, electrostatic ink and so on. He also often hears the name of alcohol (soluble) ink and water (soluble) ink, which is a way to reflect their characteristics.
First, Offset Ink: In the future, the demand in the market will increase steadily, and the increase will not be too big, which will increase by about 5% to 6%, and the proportion will be 40% to 45%, of which the offset inks The growth rate will be faster.
Second, letterpress ink: the overall ratio will decline, but the proportion of flexographic ink will continue to rise, which is also consistent with the United States and Japan and other developed countries.
Third, gravure ink: in a steady state, but the plastic ink in the printing and the table is an upward trend, far from the international trend is different, because far involved in environmental recovery and other issues.
Fourth, the mesh version of the ink: the increase in market sales, mainly the increase in the amount of metal, glass and plastic screen printing ink. Moreover, the screen printing equipment has broken the backward situation of the manual printing machine. In these areas, advanced screen printing equipment has been used to increase the screen ink usage.
5. Dedicated special inks: There will be more and more dosages, such as inks for printing inks, anti-counterfeit inks, pearlescent inks, signage inks, fluorescent inks, phosphorescent inks, etc., all of which will be used for increasing market demand.

Scanner color separation basic requirements
1. Bright and colorful.
2. Strong contrast.
3. Emphasize clarity.
4. Under color removal. In the color printing process can also be used to reduce the amount of ink to reduce the amount of ink
5. Since manuscripts are influenced by time, transmission, and many factors of the equipment, this requires the operator to have a certain aesthetic view, so that the overall color picture must not be distorted, the color should be close to its real effect, and the black and white fields of the picture should be set. The area with extremely high light can be netted, but large areas should not be netted, and dark areas should be preserved.

Source: 21st Century Fine Chemicals Network