The protection of ancient books is an old and new topic. The protection of ancient books in the broad sense involves all the ancient books of human origin. Ancient books here mainly refer to Chinese ancient books with traditional binding forms before the Qing Dynasty (before 1912).
The carriers of ancient books are mainly paper made of cellulose and wood engravings (Oracle's oracle bone materials, gold stone materials such as bronze, Fangshan Shijing, Xi'an Beilin, Cliff Stone, etc.). The current protection of ancient books mainly focuses on paper-based books and printing sheets.
In addition to the damage of natural disasters such as earthquakes and fires, the destruction of human factors such as politics, religion, and war in history is particularly serious.
Ancient books protection science involves many disciplines such as humanities and science and engineering, and belongs to a comprehensive emerging discipline. Protection needs to start from the aspects of production and distribution, collection and use, restoration and regeneration, and personnel training. It is necessary to combine pre- and post-remediation. In addition to rescue protection, it is also necessary to pay attention to preventive protection.
There are many reasons for the damage of ancient books. According to the "Classification Standard for Damages of Ancient Books" (WH/T 22-2006), the damaged ancient books are divided into one to five grades. The lightest grade is five grades of damage, the most serious one is Level damage. Broken wire breaks, insects, rat bites, mildew, acidification, aging, wear, etc., for different damage causes, need different repair programs.
According to the investigation of the damage of the Fudan University collection by the 2012 graduate student Li Yuxi, the first class of the ancient book protection direction, the damage of the Fudan Tibetan Ming Collection is: “The five types of damage are mainly line breaks and book cracking, level four. The types of damage are mainly aging, insects and book cracking. The third-level damage types are mainly book cracking, aging and water stains. The second-level damage type is book cracking and water stains. The first-level damage type is mainly water stains and books. Mouth cracking and aging. Other types of damage that are not graded are acidification.†Among these different types of damage, water stains, cracking and aging of the book are dominant, especially the cracking of the book, and all of the five damage levels are certain. proportion.
Before investigating the damage and deciding to fix it, you need to develop a detailed repair file. The traditional method is to use experience to understand the nature of the original book paper. In modern times, chemical analysis test methods can be used to find paper of similar or even homogeneity and as a repair material. The testing of paper materials has become an important part of the new generation of repair processes. Using the repair and protection laboratory, the chemical and biological characteristics of the books to be repaired are analyzed and tested to grasp the paper properties of the books to be repaired, and at the same time find suitable papers to repair. . Establish traditional art training institutes, combine traditional restoration techniques with modern scientific and technological means, and find a more scientific and rational patching scheme to integrate traditional restoration techniques with modern restoration techniques.
Digitization has made a significant contribution to the protection of our cultural heritage and the efficient use of data in today's society. Book2net has been working closely with customers in a variety of industries to develop our scanning systems from archives, libraries, aerospace, surveying and data processing companies to ensure the best balance between heritage conservation, ecology and economy. We have developed a high-performance A0, dual A0 large format book2net scanner, which is designed for large-volume scanning of large-scale, non-lightweight or very heavy scanned objects such as bundled newspapers, large-format atlases, leather, and stone scanning. Careful handling and protection of scanned objects is also guaranteed.
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