Small carton and carton products often have various structural layouts. For example, there are layouts based on solid printing, and print layouts with cotters of text, lines, lines and solid patterns; gold and silver layouts that cannot be displayed in spectral colors, and layouts with spot colors and four primary colors. If the printing method is different by offset printing, embossing (or gravure printing, etc.), the printing products have their own advantageous process characteristics, and the multi-process combination of printing cartons, cartons and other packaging products can improve the intrinsic quality of the products.
The offset printing process has good printing and reproduction effect, soft color tone, clear dot, rich printing layer, and printing of large-area layout is not easy to appear bad phenomenon of sticky products. The embossing and gravure printing processes have the advantages that the ink layer is thick and full, the color is bright, and the gloss is high.
Therefore, using the advantages of different printing processes, respectively, to print those products that have both mesh, text, lines and solid patterns, as well as the layout of various colors, to combine the advantages of different printing methods, to use the process "synthesis" to print the same The product can not only fully utilize the utilization rate of the equipment, but also improve the product quality and economic benefits.
Reasonable arrangement of various combinations of printing processes
The offset printing process has light printing pressure, relatively small printing deformation value, and the product is not easy to be sticky and dirty, so it is suitable for printing colored mesh patterns, lines, small characters, negative images and large-area solid layouts.
The embossing process can achieve a large amount of ink supply at one time, and is more suitable for printing gold, silver ink layout, field, line or text layout. In terms of printing characteristics, the offset printing process has a thin ink layer and easy drying of the ink, and the product does not have a convex mark and does not affect the normal overprinting of the embossing. However, the ink color of the embossing process is slow to dry, which may cause some adverse effects on the normal color registration.
Therefore, the overprinting order of the adhesive-bonded product should generally be: the offset printing surface is printed first, the embossed printing surface is printed later; the small layout is printed first, and the large-area printing is printed on the back; the strong hiding power is printed first, and the transparency is strong after the ink color Printed, such as red and yellow (with the exception of white ink), the black text or pattern can be overprinted, the black layout can be printed first, and the other colors are printed later. Thus, due to the transparency of the overlay color, black can still reveal pure black. Color.
A variety of processes combined with the technical control of printing
1. Process technology control for prepress design
The embossed solid layout should avoid the use of small shades and characters in the same color version, so as to avoid the pressure and ink supply being insufficiently balanced, and it is easy to produce paste and pressure unevenness, which affects the printing quality of the product. The overprinted part of the adhesive embossed surface should be as far as possible, so that there is a certain gap around the edge of the overprinted surface or the edge of the light-colored layout is appropriately enlarged (so that the edge of the overprinted surface can be overlapped and covered), so that slight overprinting is not allowed. It is not easy to detect on the naked eye.
2, do a good job in the technical control of the imposition process
The parts of the layout with overprint should be placed close to the bite and the pull gauge (side gauge) to avoid the inaccurate overprint due to the expansion and contraction of the paper. In addition, the layout of the "cross-river" (separator) larger or multi-plate color layout, should not be spelled separately with two processes for overprinting.
3, pay attention to the rational selection of offset printing plates
The PS version has a thinner plate. After mounting on the surface of the roller, its wrap angle is relatively small, the plate has a small elongation, and it can maintain a tight contact with the roller, which is beneficial to improve the overprinting of the adhesive product. Accuracy, therefore, the offset printing process should be selected for PS printing.
4, pay attention to the process technology control of the printing plate
Small-sized packaging products are often printed on a letterpress printing machine with four-open or split-flat flattened structure. The characteristics of the base material of the printing plate have a great influence on printing pressure, overprinting precision and ink color quality. effect. The traditional wooden bottom support is not solid, the squareness, the flatness and the stability are relatively poor, and it is easy to appear bow and deformation, and the printing quality is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, the letterpress printing should use a solid, flat, square, stable aluminum or cast iron magnetic plate and other metal materials, which is the basis for improving the registration and ink quality of the product.
5, pay attention to good printing pressure control technology
The printing pressure should be adjusted evenly and moderately. If the pressure is too large, the sheet will be stretched and deformed, which will cause the overprinting to be inaccurate. Therefore, the printing pressure required for the embossing process must not be too large, but the printing pressure should be as light as possible. The ideal printing is carried out under the premise that the layout is uniform and full.
6, pay attention to the technical control of the good lining process
Lining is the medium for pressure and imprint transfer. Its characteristics also affect the registration and color quality of the product. Therefore, the deformation coefficient of the lining material should be as small as possible, and the material should be neutral and hard. At the same time, the thickness of the lining must be determined in strict accordance with the technical parameters of the equipment specification. In addition, the lining must be tightly packed, and there should be no looseness or bulging. The embossed lining should not be repeatedly patched or hollowed out to prevent overprinting and ghosting.
7, pay attention to the technical control of good ink and wash balance
The offset printing process controls the ink-and-wash balance, which is to print with the minimum supply of dampening solution and the balance of the ink. It should be avoided to use the abnormal balance method of “large ink water and large†to prevent deformation due to excessive water absorption on the paper surface.
8, pay attention to control the temperature and humidity of the printing environment
Controlling the temperature and humidity of the printing workshop is an important part of improving the precision of overprinting. The temperature and humidity of the offset and embossing workshops should be relatively balanced. There should be no large disparity between the high and low levels. Otherwise, it will easily cause overprinting defects. . In general, most small and medium-sized printing enterprises are limited by conditions and cannot effectively and accurately control the temperature and humidity of the production site. They often rely on experience to control the doors and windows or use simple methods such as splashing water on the ground. Certain role.
9. Pay attention to the technical control before the cardboard is put into use.
Cardboard is very sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity of the external environment, especially the white cardboard that has just been produced. It is most likely to have expansion and contraction due to changes in temperature and humidity, resulting in inaccurate product overprinting. In order to reduce the chance of this happening, the newly produced white paperboard, after the printing factory is shipped back, generally has to be stored for a period of time, so that the characteristics of the paperboard are relatively stable, and it is not easy to appear overprinting when put into use. In addition, the cut cardboard should be sent to the printing workshop immediately, so that it can be balanced with the temperature and humidity of the printing workshop, and then printed to help improve the registration accuracy of the product.
10, pay attention to the technology of the cutting process
The accuracy of the paperboard specification will also affect the overprinting of the product. Because of the different machine structure, their front gauge and pull gauge position are not the same, so if the edge of the cardboard is not cut enough, there is a beveled or wavy edge, which will cause overprinting. This requires a product with a combination of glue and convexity. The side of the cardboard must be cut into right angles and straight lines, and there must be no oblique or wavy edges. In order to improve the cutting precision of the paperboard, the thickness of the cutting must be strictly controlled, because the thicker the paper stack and the softer the paper, the more the paper surface is deformed when the paper press is pressed down, so the cutting thickness of each stack of paperboard The less it is, the better it is to improve the cutting precision of the cardboard. In addition, the cutting edge should be kept sharp, and the appropriate blade angle should be selected according to the hardness of the paper, which is also an important measure to improve the cutting precision.
11, pay attention to the production cycle of product overprinting
After the printing of the previous color or several colors of the printed product, the overprinting should be carried out immediately, so as to avoid the stretching and variability of the printed product due to the time being dragged too long, resulting in inaccurate overprinting.
12, pay attention to the protection of printed semi-finished products
After the semi-finished product, the plastic film should be used to seal the product to prevent the cardboard from absorbing outside air moisture or losing moisture, so as to avoid or reduce the undesirable phenomenon of expansion and contraction of the semi-finished product.
In summary, the packaging products such as cartons, cartons, etc., regardless of the process used for printing, a printing process to print separately, a variety of processes combined with printing; is the use of multi-color printing press for printing production, Or use a monochrome printing machine for printing production; use advanced multi-function printing machine for printing production, or use simple, ordinary printing machine for printing production, no matter what the situation, the most important and most important link is According to the characteristics of the product, control the operation technology and process technology, with appropriate printing pressure, use appropriate ink coating amount for printing; based on the characteristics of ink, printing plate and paperboard, use appropriate speed for printing, The printing quality and production efficiency are improved.
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