The so-called special printing refers to the general term of printing methods used for special purposes that are different from ordinary plate making, printing, and postpress processing methods and materials. Specifically, the main difference between special printing and general printing is not based on format, but measured from the five aspects of plate making, printing, post-press processing methods, and material production and use. Where there is a different aspect from general printing. It belongs to the special printing area. With the continuous development and progress of the commodity economy and printing science and technology, special printing has shown great vitality and broad prospects for development.
First, the flexographic printing process
Flexographic printing refers to the use of a flexible plate made of a flexible material such as rubber or resin, and an ink transfer roller is used on the machine to transfer ink for printing. In the early days of flexo printing, flexographic printing inks were used, so it is commonly known as flexographic printing. Due to the commonness of the embossing, offset printing, and gravure printing processes, the flexographic process has a wide range of adaptability to the substrate properties, simple structure, and high precision. The machine is mainly composed of four parts: an ink receiver roller, an anilox roller, a plate cylinder and an impression cylinder.
The arrangement of flexographic printing structures includes three-roller type, stacked type (ie, roll-to-roll type), arrangement type, and satellite type. The three-drum type is composed of a multi-color single group. Each single-group structure has only three rollers. A squeegee is used to adjust the ink amount on the metal anilox roller. Because the squeegee blade is in contact with the metal anilox roller, the netting is easily damaged. Roller, this is a structural defect. Laminated flexographic printing presses are designed to stack individual monochromator units on both sides of the main unit for printing. Each monochrome unit is driven by a host gear chain. When the roll paper of the machine passes through the printing part, the front and back printing can be performed, and the drying of the ink is completed before printing on the reverse side. Another advantage of this machine is that when adjusting or repairing the components of the monochromator unit and washing colors, the other units are not affected, and the production can be continued without downtime, resulting in high equipment utilization. However, the overprint accuracy of the aircraft is lower than that of satellites, and it is not appropriate to print substrates with high flexibility and thin materials. Arrangement type flexographic printing press consists of a single set of multiple colors. The paper running between each color group is in a flat state, which can maintain a relatively even tension, so it is suitable for printing thin paper and thick paper products. The structure of the satellite type flexographic printing press is that there is an impression cylinder on the main frame, and various color plate cylinders are installed around it. The advantage of this kind of machine is that the overprinting is accurate and it is more suitable for printing substrates with high flexibility.
Second, pearl printing process
Pearlescent printing refers to the special printing technology using pearl ink. Because Pearlescent ink has a natural luster of beads, it makes the packaging prints look like pearls and colorful, elegant and elegant. The pearlescent printing process can use lithography, letterpress printing, gravure printing or flexographic printing, or screen printing. Due to different printing methods, according to the characteristics of the process, reasonable selection of pearlescent inks with different particle size ranges, such as the coarse-grained pearlescent pigment ink can be used for the letterpress process.
Flat printing process should use fine pearl ink. Screening process should be based on mesh pore size pigment size is better than times. Pearlescent printing can be directly added to the ink pearl powder blending, but to be adjusted immediately, to prevent pearlite due to precipitation each other, affecting the use of results. Pearl powder and printing ink formulation usage is about 10.20%. For printing pearlescent inks with a flexographic process, 30 lines/cm anilox rollers should be used to ensure that the pearlescent pigments are adequately and evenly transferred to the printing plate. Pearlescent inks are printed using a gravure process. Should use 30 ~ 40 lines / cm of cable, corrosion depth to 35 ~ 40rfl, so that the ink pigments get a good transfer effect.
Pearlescent printed substrates have good surface gloss, high smoothness, and best printing effects, such as glass cardboard, coated paper, calendered whiteboard, and plastic films.
Third, the spice ink printing process
In daily life, we can see some aroma-like prints that can be distributed, such as business cards, greeting cards, and packaging products. Such prints are printed using aroma inks. This process can be used directly into the ink spices, embossing, flexographic and offset printing, the method is simple, but the scent is difficult to last. The use of spice inks encapsulated in spices is now used for printing. This kind of printing method can be stored for a long time due to the fact that the fragrance is broken by the microcapsules and gradually emits aromatic flavor. The use of silk screen printing process perfume ink, due to the large amount of printing ink is difficult to dry, it should consider the ink drying problem, the amount of ink should be properly less, it is appropriate to use the 30% mesh surface of the ink, so as not to be too thick due to full version Fragrant. Products printed with perfume inks should avoid heavy pressure and folding. The fragrance inks have a variety of flavors such as flowers, fruits and cheeses, and can be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the products and the requirements of the customers when printing. Aroma inks are not only suitable for paper printing but also for the printing of materials such as plastics, fabrics and wood.
Fourth, color printing process
The ink used for color change printing can change color with changes in temperature. This kind of ink is also called a temperature-sensitive ink. Usually, the temperature of the object or the environment is displayed by using the color change of the ink. The discoloration of the ink can occur due to the discoloration mechanism of the pigment. The discoloration mechanisms of pigments mainly include crystal transfer type, thermal decomposition type, and crystal structure change type. The crystallization transfer type changes color due to the heat transfer of the pigment crystal form and returns to the original crystal and color after cooling. This is a reversible color change ink. The thermal decomposable pigments are discolored by the release of gases after chemical decomposition reactions due to heat, and do not return to their original colors after cooling. This is called an irreversible high-temperature color shift ink. Crystal structure change pigments can change color due to heat lose their water of crystallization, not immediately after cooling, but in case of moisture and moisture will slowly form crystals and restore its original color, this is a reversible low temperature color ink. The discoloration mechanism of color-changing inks is not only related to the characteristics of pigments, but also the variety and properties of fillers, binders, and solvents in inks directly affect the discoloration of color-changing inks. Color-shifting inks are mainly used for over-temperature notifications, touch-sensitive body temperature color cards, postcards, weather forecast prints, high-temperature boiler-printed products, anti-counterfeiting labels, and surface temperature measurements for aerospace devices. Most of the color-changing inks are screen printed, and offset and gravure processes are also available.
Fifth, foam printing process
By foam printing is meant a method of printing by screen printing onto paper or swaddle material using microfoamed ink and then heating to form raised relief-shaped text or braille readings. Since the foamed printing image can be raised, the microsphere foaming ink is used. This type of ink is made of a high molecular polymer monomer and has a diameter of 5m to 80m and is internally filled with a hollow boiling point solvent. Plastic spheres, when the microspheres are heated, the low-boiling solvent in the sphere is heated and gasified, and the diameter of the microspheres is rapidly increased to 5 to 30 times of the original sphere, so that the surface of the substrate forms a relief-like graphic. Microsphere foam printing is widely used in new braille printing technology systems. The braille printing system is different from the original braille printing method. This method uses a computer. The printed dots are printed with foamed ink and heated to make the braille convex. Therefore, it is possible not only to quickly print in large quantities, but also to print on both sides of the paper, and to print a pattern.
Six, decal printing process
Decal printing is achieved using indirect transfer. First, the pattern is printed on a glued paper or a plastic film using a lithographic process, and then the finished product of the decal is affixed to the surface of the object to be decorated. The water solubility of the gum is used to dissolve the gum by immersing in water, and then the paper is removed. The plastic film is peeled off and the graphic is transferred to the surface of the object. The main processes of the decal printing process are: paper, plate making, printing, transfer and post-processing. The picking process is divided into manual and mechanical picking methods. The hand picking process is relatively simple and does not require special equipment. However, the quality of picking is difficult to control, so it is only suitable for small batch production. Mechanical pick-ups are made using special coating equipment and are suitable for mass production. The decal-printing plate-making method adopts the lithographic plate-making method, and the stencil-printed graphic is positive-like. When it is printed on the “paper crepeâ€, the graphic is reversed, and when it is affixed to a decorative object, it becomes positive. Graphic structure. Before decal printing, first apply a transparent varnish on the decal paper. When printing, the color with strong transparency must be printed first, and the color with strong hiding power should be printed afterwards, so that the image with the same color sequence as the ordinary printing is obtained after the transfer.
First, the flexographic printing process
Flexographic printing refers to the use of a flexible plate made of a flexible material such as rubber or resin, and an ink transfer roller is used on the machine to transfer ink for printing. In the early days of flexo printing, flexographic printing inks were used, so it is commonly known as flexographic printing. Due to the commonness of the embossing, offset printing, and gravure printing processes, the flexographic process has a wide range of adaptability to the substrate properties, simple structure, and high precision. The machine is mainly composed of four parts: an ink receiver roller, an anilox roller, a plate cylinder and an impression cylinder.
The arrangement of flexographic printing structures includes three-roller type, stacked type (ie, roll-to-roll type), arrangement type, and satellite type. The three-drum type is composed of a multi-color single group. Each single-group structure has only three rollers. A squeegee is used to adjust the ink amount on the metal anilox roller. Because the squeegee blade is in contact with the metal anilox roller, the netting is easily damaged. Roller, this is a structural defect. Laminated flexographic printing presses are designed to stack individual monochromator units on both sides of the main unit for printing. Each monochrome unit is driven by a host gear chain. When the roll paper of the machine passes through the printing part, the front and back printing can be performed, and the drying of the ink is completed before printing on the reverse side. Another advantage of this machine is that when adjusting or repairing the components of the monochromator unit and washing colors, the other units are not affected, and the production can be continued without downtime, resulting in high equipment utilization. However, the overprint accuracy of the aircraft is lower than that of satellites, and it is not appropriate to print substrates with high flexibility and thin materials. Arrangement type flexographic printing press consists of a single set of multiple colors. The paper running between each color group is in a flat state, which can maintain a relatively even tension, so it is suitable for printing thin paper and thick paper products. The structure of the satellite type flexographic printing press is that there is an impression cylinder on the main frame, and various color plate cylinders are installed around it. The advantage of this kind of machine is that the overprinting is accurate and it is more suitable for printing substrates with high flexibility.
Second, pearl printing process
Pearlescent printing refers to the special printing technology using pearl ink. Because Pearlescent ink has a natural luster of beads, it makes the packaging prints look like pearls and colorful, elegant and elegant. The pearlescent printing process can use lithography, letterpress printing, gravure printing or flexographic printing, or screen printing. Due to different printing methods, according to the characteristics of the process, reasonable selection of pearlescent inks with different particle size ranges, such as the coarse-grained pearlescent pigment ink can be used for the letterpress process.
Flat printing process should use fine pearl ink. Screening process should be based on mesh pore size pigment size is better than times. Pearlescent printing can be directly added to the ink pearl powder blending, but to be adjusted immediately, to prevent pearlite due to precipitation each other, affecting the use of results. Pearl powder and printing ink formulation usage is about 10.20%. For printing pearlescent inks with a flexographic process, 30 lines/cm anilox rollers should be used to ensure that the pearlescent pigments are adequately and evenly transferred to the printing plate. Pearlescent inks are printed using a gravure process. Should use 30 ~ 40 lines / cm of cable, corrosion depth to 35 ~ 40rfl, so that the ink pigments get a good transfer effect.
Pearlescent printed substrates have good surface gloss, high smoothness, and best printing effects, such as glass cardboard, coated paper, calendered whiteboard, and plastic films.
Third, the spice ink printing process
In daily life, we can see some aroma-like prints that can be distributed, such as business cards, greeting cards, and packaging products. Such prints are printed using aroma inks. This process can be used directly into the ink spices, embossing, flexographic and offset printing, the method is simple, but the scent is difficult to last. The use of spice inks encapsulated in spices is now used for printing. This kind of printing method can be stored for a long time due to the fact that the fragrance is broken by the microcapsules and gradually emits aromatic flavor. The use of silk screen printing process perfume ink, due to the large amount of printing ink is difficult to dry, it should consider the ink drying problem, the amount of ink should be properly less, it is appropriate to use the 30% mesh surface of the ink, so as not to be too thick due to full version Fragrant. Products printed with perfume inks should avoid heavy pressure and folding. The fragrance inks have a variety of flavors such as flowers, fruits and cheeses, and can be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the products and the requirements of the customers when printing. Aroma inks are not only suitable for paper printing but also for the printing of materials such as plastics, fabrics and wood.
Fourth, color printing process
The ink used for color change printing can change color with changes in temperature. This kind of ink is also called a temperature-sensitive ink. Usually, the temperature of the object or the environment is displayed by using the color change of the ink. The discoloration of the ink can occur due to the discoloration mechanism of the pigment. The discoloration mechanisms of pigments mainly include crystal transfer type, thermal decomposition type, and crystal structure change type. The crystallization transfer type changes color due to the heat transfer of the pigment crystal form and returns to the original crystal and color after cooling. This is a reversible color change ink. The thermal decomposable pigments are discolored by the release of gases after chemical decomposition reactions due to heat, and do not return to their original colors after cooling. This is called an irreversible high-temperature color shift ink. Crystal structure change pigments can change color due to heat lose their water of crystallization, not immediately after cooling, but in case of moisture and moisture will slowly form crystals and restore its original color, this is a reversible low temperature color ink. The discoloration mechanism of color-changing inks is not only related to the characteristics of pigments, but also the variety and properties of fillers, binders, and solvents in inks directly affect the discoloration of color-changing inks. Color-shifting inks are mainly used for over-temperature notifications, touch-sensitive body temperature color cards, postcards, weather forecast prints, high-temperature boiler-printed products, anti-counterfeiting labels, and surface temperature measurements for aerospace devices. Most of the color-changing inks are screen printed, and offset and gravure processes are also available.
Fifth, foam printing process
By foam printing is meant a method of printing by screen printing onto paper or swaddle material using microfoamed ink and then heating to form raised relief-shaped text or braille readings. Since the foamed printing image can be raised, the microsphere foaming ink is used. This type of ink is made of a high molecular polymer monomer and has a diameter of 5m to 80m and is internally filled with a hollow boiling point solvent. Plastic spheres, when the microspheres are heated, the low-boiling solvent in the sphere is heated and gasified, and the diameter of the microspheres is rapidly increased to 5 to 30 times of the original sphere, so that the surface of the substrate forms a relief-like graphic. Microsphere foam printing is widely used in new braille printing technology systems. The braille printing system is different from the original braille printing method. This method uses a computer. The printed dots are printed with foamed ink and heated to make the braille convex. Therefore, it is possible not only to quickly print in large quantities, but also to print on both sides of the paper, and to print a pattern.
Six, decal printing process
Decal printing is achieved using indirect transfer. First, the pattern is printed on a glued paper or a plastic film using a lithographic process, and then the finished product of the decal is affixed to the surface of the object to be decorated. The water solubility of the gum is used to dissolve the gum by immersing in water, and then the paper is removed. The plastic film is peeled off and the graphic is transferred to the surface of the object. The main processes of the decal printing process are: paper, plate making, printing, transfer and post-processing. The picking process is divided into manual and mechanical picking methods. The hand picking process is relatively simple and does not require special equipment. However, the quality of picking is difficult to control, so it is only suitable for small batch production. Mechanical pick-ups are made using special coating equipment and are suitable for mass production. The decal-printing plate-making method adopts the lithographic plate-making method, and the stencil-printed graphic is positive-like. When it is printed on the “paper crepeâ€, the graphic is reversed, and when it is affixed to a decorative object, it becomes positive. Graphic structure. Before decal printing, first apply a transparent varnish on the decal paper. When printing, the color with strong transparency must be printed first, and the color with strong hiding power should be printed afterwards, so that the image with the same color sequence as the ordinary printing is obtained after the transfer.
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