Urine test, blood test, saliva test... Through these methods to confirm whether a person is taking drugs, I believe that everyone has seen similar plots in many TV dramas. However, in the face of mass spectrometry technology, these may be OUT: under its "big move", only one fingerprint can make the "addict" appear in minutes.
Recently, researchers from the University of Surrey collaborated with the Dutch Forensic Medicine Institute and the Intelligent Fingerprint Research Institute to develop a detection method that can quickly and accurately detect the residual cain and metabolites on each finger while identifying the fingerprint owner. identity of. If this test is widely used in the detection of cocaine and other illegal drugs in the near future, traditional urine, blood or saliva drug testing will likely be eliminated.
99% effective
In this study, the researchers used a technique called paper spray mass spectrometry for metabolic fingerprinting to identify whether subjects had taken other illegal drugs such as cocaine. This groundbreaking research was published in the journal Clinical Chemistry.
The researchers selected a group of patients who received rehabilitation treatment for detoxification, collected fingerprints and saliva from them, and set up non-drug users as a control group. In the test, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS) was used to detect whether cocaine and oxazoline were contained in the saliva of patients; accordingly, analytical electrospray ionization (DESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) were used to treat patients. Metabolic fingerprinting was performed to detect cocaine, benzoylecgonine (BZE) and methyl eucalin (EME) components.
The study compared the two test results and found that there is a good correlation between the two. Dr. Catia Costa, one of the study authors, revealed that its effectiveness can reach 99%. Cocaine users secrete trace amounts of BZE and EME during metabolism, and these compounds appear in their fingerprint residue and can be detected even after washing their hands.
"Paper spray mass spectrometry is gaining popularity in the field of forensic science, not only because of its extraordinary sensitivity, but also because it is easy to build such a test system and saves experiment time," he explained.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics data for 2015-2016, 1 in 12 American adults between the ages of 16 and 59 use illicit drugs (a total of nearly 2.7 million). During the same period, more than 8,500 people sought medical help for mental and behavioral disorders caused by drugs and drug abuse.
In addition to medical and drug treatment, daily routine work in administrative law enforcement and legal case handling also requires frequent drug abuse testing. As far as fingerprint collection is concerned, the current practice can only indicate whether someone has had drug exposure, but cannot confirm whether he has taken drugs. In the detection of human body fluids (such as urine, saliva, blood), there is not only the risk of adulteration and contamination of the sample, but the sample processor itself may also be subject to biological hazards.
Obvious advantage
Comparing metabolic fingerprinting with existing drug testing methods, the former's advantages will be more obvious. Dr. Melanie Bailey, the lead research author, summarized the test as “hygienic, real-time, non-invasive, providing reliable results in minutes,†he said. “Bringing this test to the market will be a real breakthrough in our work.†Bailey Dr. admitted that they have begun to consider how to shorten the length of the test, and it takes only 30 seconds to get the identity of the subject and the drug use from the sample.
The advantages of rapid, reliable and non-invasive metabolic fingerprinting make it a great advantage for future drug testing. This fast and non-invasive test is quite broad in both meaning and application. Fingerprint testing may revolutionize daily drug testing in administrative law enforcement, legal case processing, and drug treatment. There is no need for daily blood collection by specialized trainees. The privacy concerns involved in urine testing will also be eliminated. Biohazards associated with body fluid testing, along with sample storage and disposal issues, are solved, even in the absence of on-site testing.
“This exciting study clearly points to the important role that fingerprints play in simplifying the drug screening process, affirming the diagnostic matrix value of fingerprints, and complementing the development of our portable, immediate diagnostics.†Dr. Jerry Walker, CEO of Intelligent Fingerprinting, concludes.
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