In order to deeply implement the scientific development concept, the National Development and Reform Commission has conducted extensive and in-depth research on paper industry development policies and the paper industry's "Eleventh Five-Year" development in conjunction with the China Paper Association and the China Pulp and Paper Research Institute since 2005. On the basis of a large amount of research, the research group combined with the results of "Research on the Safety and Reorganization of Paper Industry Development" and related laws and regulations, after fully consulting the relevant departments, social intermediaries, industry experts and leading pulp and paper enterprises , Compiled and formed the "Paper Industry Development Policy".
Why should we make this "policy"
Fact: In 2006, China's paper and paperboard consumption reached 66 million tons, ranking second in the world; paper and paperboard output reached 65 million tons, ranking second in the world. It is predicted that China's consumption of paper and paperboard will reach more than 85 million tons in 2010.
Reporter: The National Development and Reform Commission compiled the "Paper Industry Development Policy" in 2007, intending to cultivate the paper industry as a new economic growth point for the national economy. In this regard, quite a few readers are surprised because most people think that this is a traditional and polluting industry.
He Yanli: Cultivating the paper industry as a new economic growth point for the national economy is based on the following considerations. The consumption level of paper and paperboard is an important indicator of a country's level of modernization and civilization. In China, with the sustained rapid and healthy development of the national economy, the development of the paper industry has become increasingly important. The paper industry is an important basic raw material industry, with a large market space, and is a typical industry of circular economy: the raw fiber materials of papermaking are renewable wood, bamboo, reed, grass, etc .; in the pulp and papermaking process, modernized The pulping and papermaking process can also fully recycle and reuse water resources, chemical raw materials and energy; waste paper can also be recycled. At the same time, the paper industry has a clear leading role in forestry, agriculture, chemical industry, printing, packaging and other related industries.
Besides, paper products, as an important carrier for inheriting civilization, have been valued by all countries in the world from a safety perspective, and their role is particularly prominent in China. Maintaining a long-term stable supply of news, printing, and writing paper is very important for doing a good job in education, cultural exchanges, and maintaining social stability.
Reporter: Now the society is optimistic about the development prospects of the paper industry, but there are many discussions about the problems exposed to it.
He Yanli: This is exactly what I want to answer to you-why do we compile this "Paper Industry Development Policy". China has become a major producer and consumer of paper products in the world. There are about 3,500 paper and paperboard manufacturers with a production capacity of about 70 million tons. In 2006, the total industrial output value of paper and paperboard enterprises above designated size in China was 311.9 billion yuan, an increase of 146? 7% from 2000, with an average annual increase of 19.8%; assets totaled 322.8 billion yuan, an average annual increase of 10? 1%; sales revenue was 2546 100 million yuan, an average annual increase of 20? 0%.
During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's paper industry has entered a period of rapid development, but it also faces problems such as resource constraints and environmental pressures. The main manifestations are: first, the scale is unreasonable, and the level of scale efficiency is low; The third is high resource consumption, and the task of preventing and controlling pollution is arduous; the fourth is poor equipment research and development capabilities, and advanced equipment depends on imports; the fifth is that the structure of foreign capital utilization needs to be optimized, and the task of coordinating coordinated development is urgent.
Reporter: You mean that in order to establish a fair market order and a good development environment, solve the problems in the development of the paper industry, guide the sustainable and healthy development of China's paper industry, and formulate a "policy" is necessary.
He Yanli: Yes.
Reporter: What is the specific structure of the "healthy development road" you mentioned?
He Yanli: First, establish a more perfect development environment. The relevant policies for the development of the existing paper industry are relatively scattered and independent, neither comprehensive nor systematic, and even some policies contradict each other and have poor operability; the second is the need to determine advanced development indicators. At present, the relevant policies are too low for the paper industry to develop circular economy indicators. The regulations on forest land, wood, resources, consumption and environmental protection are not clear, and they do not meet the requirements of the scientific development concept. The third is to standardize the industry access conditions that meet China ’s actual conditions. ; Fourth, formulate a clear policy on the use of foreign capital. Although the current foreign investment policies related to the paper industry have stipulated the construction nature, construction scale and preferential policies of foreign-invested projects, there are no specific regulations on market access, market share, mergers and acquisitions, investment supervision, etc. There is also inconsistency in understanding and grasping policies between different departments, and the phenomenon of chaotic foreign investment in the paper industry urgently needs to be corrected. Fifth, the papermaking raw material structure and import and export policies that meet China's national conditions should be determined.
How to lay out the industry
Fact: As of 2005, 29 provinces, districts, and cities all have papermaking industries. From 2000 to 2005, the output of paper and paperboard in 15 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities north of the Yangtze River decreased from 51 to 10% to 47 to 05% of the total national output. In 14 provinces, autonomous regions and regions south of the Yangtze River The output of municipal paper and paperboard accounted for 52% to 95% of the national total output from 48% to 90%.
Reporter: Facts show that the layout of the paper industry is being adjusted from north to south, and Article 7 of the Policy emphasizes that the layout of the paper industry must fully consider the conditions of fiber resources, water resources, environmental capacity, market demand, transportation, etc., and play a comparative advantage. , Strive for reasonable resource allocation and coordinated development with the environment. Can this be understood as that in the future, the south of the Yangtze River will be a key area for the layout of the paper industry?
He Yanli: Right. Article 8 of the "Policy" emphasizes that the overall layout of the paper industry should be adjusted "from north to south" to form a reasonable new industrial layout.
Article 9 to Article 11 of the "Policy" stipulate: First, south of the Yangtze River is a key area for the development of the paper industry. The construction of forestry and paper integration projects should be the main focus to accelerate the development of the pulp and paper industry. Second, north of the Yangtze River is an area for optimization and adjustment of the paper industry, focusing on adjusting the raw material structure, reducing the number of enterprises, and increasing the concentration of production. In key environmental protection areas, severely water-scarce areas, and urban areas of large cities, pulp and paper projects will no longer be deployed, and construction of irrigated paper-making forest bases will be prohibited in severely water-scarce areas.
How to reduce consumption and emissions
Fact: A large number of non-wood pulp companies, especially straw pulp and paper companies without alkali recovery, have a combined energy consumption of more than 1 to 5 tons of standard coal per ton of pulp and paper. The water intake is more than 200 cubic meters. The international advanced level is that the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of pulp and paper ranges from 0 to 9 tons to 1 to 1 ton of standard coal, and the comprehensive water intake has been reduced to about 30 to 50 cubic meters.
Reporter: Some people vividly say that the paper mill is simply a big "water mouse", drinking water madly and draining sewage violently.
He Yanli: I think this view is not comprehensive enough. The traditional paper industry is very different from the modern paper industry with the world's advanced level. In the past, the raw material of the papermaking industry in China was mainly grass. Using grass as the raw material for papermaking was very difficult to control, the water consumption was large, and the scale of the enterprise was small. It is now very different from the past. The ratio of wood pulp, waste paper and straw pulp in the papermaking raw materials has been adjusted to 22:54:24. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, China's paper industry has intensified pollution control, and the chemical oxygen demand emissions have dropped from 2.87 million tons to 1.59 million tons, accounting for 44% of the country's total emissions from 32% to 42.4%. . Water consumption has also been greatly reduced, but it is not enough. We plan to eliminate 6 million tons of outdated papermaking capacity by 2010. We need to build a modern paper industry with advanced equipment, clean production, coordinated development, sustained growth, circular economy, and orderly competition, and adopt international advanced technologies to bring the pollution and water consumption of the paper industry to the world's advanced level as soon as possible.
To this end, the "Policy" regards the actual reduction of water consumption and pollutant emissions as the focus of resource conservation in the paper industry. For this purpose, the "Policy" proposes to strictly implement national environmental protection, resource conservation, labor security, and safe production. Laws and regulations. By 2010, the average water consumption per ton of products in the paper industry will be reduced from 103 cubic meters in 2005 to 80 cubic meters, and the comprehensive average energy consumption (standard coal) will be reduced from 1 to 38 tons in 2005 to 1 to 10 tons, and pollutants (COD) The total amount of emissions was reduced from 1.6 million tons in 2005 to 1.4 million tons, and a new model of resource-saving, environment-friendly and harmonious development of the paper industry was gradually established.
Article 38 requires that the favorable conditions for pulp and paper making suitable for combined heat and power generation be fully utilized to improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency; Article 39 requires the implementation of a strict land management system to conserve intensive use of land and the construction of papermaking forest bases must meet Relevant regulations on land, ecology, soil and water conservation and environmental protection.
Reporter: There are a lot of news reports on the discharge of wastewater from paper mills that pollute the production and domestic water of the surrounding residents. How can it be completely managed?
He Yanli: A lot of this has happened, mainly because some straw pulp and paper companies, especially small straw pulp companies that do not have an alkali recovery system, failed to shut down according to law. The waste water generated during the production of these enterprises is basically discharged directly without any treatment, causing serious pollution of the water environment, so it should be shut down resolutely according to law. The pollution control of straw pulp enterprises is the key to the pollution control of the paper industry in the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" and a long period of time afterwards, and it is also difficult. Therefore, Articles 40 to 44 and 49 of the "Policy" make specific provisions on pollution control measures, pollutant discharge standards, pollutant discharge supervision, ecological protection, and punishment systems.
Article 42 of the "Policy" clearly states: "Pulse and papermaking wastewater discharge shall be subject to permit management, strict implementation of national and local discharge standards and total pollutant control indicators. A comprehensive online remote monitoring system for wastewater discharge shall be established, and enterprises shall be regularly announced. Wastewater discharge. Encourage policies to encourage companies that meet the standards to increase technological transformation and process improvement to further reduce water pollutant discharge. According to the law, companies that fail to meet the standards are ordered to administer within a time limit, and companies that still fail to meet the standards or exceed the total amount of targets must be closed according to law. "
Article 43 of the "Policy" stipulates: "Implement environmental index announcements and corporate environmental information disclosure systems, encourage the public to participate in and supervise corporate environmental protection activities, actively promote environmental certification, environmental labeling and environmental performance evaluation systems, and strictly enforce environmental law enforcement Responsibility system and accountability system. "
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