Product packaging classification and requirements

Classification of commodity packaging

The classification of commodity packaging is to integrate the commodity packaging as a certain range of the whole, according to certain classification marks or characteristics, and successively summarized as a number of smaller, more consistent local aggregation of features, until divided into the smallest unit. Commodity packaging classification is based on a certain purpose and meets certain needs. The role of commodity packaging in production, distribution, and consumption is different. Different departments and industries have different requirements for packaging classification. The purpose of classification is also different. The packaging industry department, packaging use department, commercial department, and packaging research department use different classification marks and classification methods to classify packaging according to their own industry characteristics and requirements. In general, the packaging industry sector is categorized according to packaging techniques, packaging application scope, packaging materials, etc.; packaging and use departments are classified according to their protective performance and applicability; commercial sectors are categorized according to commodity scope and packaging mechanism; Departments are classified according to different modes of transportation and methods. Due to the wide variety of packaging and the use of different classification marks, the classification methods are also varied. According to the selected classification mark, there are the following types of common goods packaging classification methods:

(a) classification of the role of packaging in circulation

The role of packaging in the circulation of goods as a classification mark can be divided into transport packaging and sales packaging.

1. Transport Packaging.

It is a relatively large unit of packaging used for safe transportation and protection of goods, also known as outer packaging or large packaging. For example, cartons, wooden boxes, barrels, packs, pallets, etc. Transport packaging generally has a relatively large volume, a high degree of standardization, and is durable. It is widely used in collective packaging. The surface is marked with clear identification marks. The main function is to protect the goods and facilitate transportation, handling, and storage.

2. Sales packaging.

A sales package refers to a package in which a product is a sales unit, or a group of individual products that form a small overall package, also called a package or a small package. The characteristics of sales and packaging are generally small packages. The technical requirements for packaging are beautiful, safe, hygienic, novel, easy to carry, and require high printing and decoration. The sales package is generally sold to customers with the goods, and plays a role of directly protecting the goods, publicizing and promoting the sales of the goods. At the same time, it also plays a role in protecting high-quality brand-name goods against counterfeiting.

(B) Classification by Packaging Materials

With packaging materials as a classification mark, generally can be divided into cardboard, wood, metal, plastic, glass and ceramics, fiber fabrics, composite materials and other packaging.

1. Paper packaging.

It is a package made from paper and cardboard. It includes cartons, corrugated cartons, cartons, paper bags, paper tubes, paper drums, and the like. In modern commodity packaging, paper packaging still occupies an important position. From the perspective of environmental protection and resource recycling, paper packaging has broad prospects for development.

2. Wooden packaging.

It is a package made of wood, wood products, and artificial boards (such as plywood, fiberboard, etc.). Mainly include: wooden boxes, barrels, plywood boxes, fiberboard boxes and barrels, wooden pallets and so on.

3. Metal packaging.

Metal packaging refers to various packagings made of black iron, tin, tin, aluminum foil, aluminum alloy, and the like. Mainly include: metal barrels, metal boxes, tinplate cans and aluminum cans, tanks, cylinders and so on.

4. Plastic Packaging.

Plastic packaging refers to a package made of a polymer material whose main raw material is artificial synthetic resin. The main plastic packaging materials are polyethylene (PE), PVC, PP, PS, PET. Plastic packaging mainly include: plastic box, calcium plastic box, plastic bucket, plastic box, plastic bottle, plastic bag, plastic woven bag and so on. From the perspective of environmental protection, attention should be paid to the white pollution caused by plastic film bags and foam plastic boxes.

5. Glass and ceramic packaging.

Glass and ceramic packaging refers to packaging made of silicate glass and ceramic. The main types of packaging are: glass bottles, glass jars, ceramic jars, ceramic bottles, ceramic jars, and ceramic jars.

6. Fiber products packaging.

Fiber packaging refers to packaging made of natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk, and wool, and fabrics made of synthetic fibers and synthetic fibers. Mainly sacks, cloth bags, woven bags and so on.

7. Composite packaging.

Composite packaging refers to packaging made by bonding two or more materials, also known as composite packaging. Mainly include paper and plastic, plastic and aluminum foil and paper, plastic and aluminum foil, plastic and wood, plastic and glass and other materials.

(III) Classification of Commodity Packaging According to Sales Market

Commodity packaging can be divided into domestic product packaging and export product packaging according to different sales markets.

The role of domestic product packaging and export product packaging is basically the same, but there will be differences between domestic and international logistics environments and sales markets. Domestic product packaging must be compatible with the domestic logistics environment and the domestic sales market, and it must be in line with China's national conditions. Export packaging must be adapted to foreign logistics environments and foreign sales markets to meet the different requirements of the exporting country.

(4) Classification of Product Packaging by Product Type

Commodity packaging can be divided into different types of goods: building materials, packaging, agriculture, animal husbandry, aquatic product packaging, food and beverage packaging, light goods, commodity packaging, textile and apparel packaging, chemical packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, and electromechanical packaging. , electronic goods packaging, weapons packaging and so on.

The value of various types of commodities, their characteristics, and protection requirements are all different. There will be significant differences in the transport packaging and sales packaging that they require.

Commodity packaging requirements

Commodity packaging should follow the principle of “scientific, economical, firm, beautiful, and marketable” and generally has the following requirements:

(A) The commodity packaging should adapt to the characteristics of the commodity

Commodity packaging must be handled according to the different characteristics of the goods, using appropriate materials and techniques, so that the packaging fully meets the requirements of the physical and chemical properties of the commodity.

The packaging of food products should be based on the different characteristics of the food, in order to avoid deterioration of the food, take appropriate materials and technical processing. Special attention should be paid to the cleanliness and hygiene of the package, the moisture-tightness of the seal, and the oxygen and light from the light, and attention should be paid to the certain pressure resistance.

Daily industrial goods packaging should not only pay attention to the protection of goods, but also need to pay attention to the appearance of beautiful and unique, easy to show and easy to use.

(B) Commodity packaging should be adapted to the conditions of transport

In the process of circulation, commodities must go through transportation, loading and unloading, and storage. They are susceptible to various external factors such as vibration, impact, pressure, friction, high temperature, and low temperature, and they are damaged and damaged. To protect the safety of commodities, it is required that the packaging of goods should have a certain strength, which is solid, firm and durable. For different modes of transport and means of transport, there should also be selective use of appropriate packaging containers and technical processes. The entire package should be adapted to the storage and transportation conditions in the circulation area and meet the strength requirements for transportation, handling, handling, and storage.

(three) commodity packaging should be standardized, universal, serialization

Commodity packaging must be standardized, that is, the packaging volume (weight), packaging materials, structural design, size, printing marks, terminology, and packaging methods of the packaging of goods should be stipulated in a unified manner, and gradually be serialized and generalized. It facilitates the production of packaging containers, improves the production efficiency of packaging, simplifies the specifications of packaging containers, saves raw materials, reduces costs, and is easy to identify and measure, which helps to ensure the quality of packaging and the safety of commodities, and is conducive to the recycling of packaging.

In addition, commodity packaging should also consider the customs and habits of different consumers, different countries and ethnic groups. It is necessary to pay attention to the constant use of modern packaging technologies and packaging materials to make the packaging lightweight and modern. The design of the pattern must be novel, the printing must be exquisite, the trademark must be eye-catching, the subject must be clear, the color tone must be harmonious, and the style must be unique.

Reprinted from: Packaging Industry Network